Skin Cancer Screenings

A skin cancer screening is a thorough examination of the skin by a qualified dermatologist to check for signs of skin cancer. During the screening, the dermatologist will visually inspect the skin, scalp, and the rest of the skin surface for any unusual growths, moles, freckles, or spots that may indicate the presence of skin cancer.

Melanoma and non-melanoma skin skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) can develop on any part of the skin, but it is most commonly found in areas that are exposed to the sun, such as the scalp, ears, face, neck, arms, and legs.  A common site for melanoma are sites of chronic sun exposure such as the calves of women and the back of men.

Importantly, melanoma can also appear on areas that receive less sun exposure, including the soles of the feet, palms of the hands, and under the nails. Melanoma may even occur in places that are not typically exposed to sunlight, like the mouth, eyes (retina), and genitals, although these cases are less common. This is why it’s important to perform regular self-exams and attend routine screenings. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.

If any suspicious growths are found, the dermatologist may recommend further testing, such as a biopsy, to determine whether the lesion is cancerous. Skin cancer screenings are non-invasive, quick, and usually take no more than 15-30 minutes.

Unique to Palo Alto Dermatology Institute, clinically-obvious non-melanoma skin cancers (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) can be biopsied on the day of the skin check and examined by frozen section histology to give a diagnosis within 15 to 30 minutes.  Oftentimes, the skin cancer treatment can then be performed immediately thereafter.  This innovative approach allows the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer within an hour of the skin cancer screening!

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States, and it affects millions of people every year. Regular skin cancer screenings are essential for early detection and treatment, as skin cancer can be highly treatable if caught in its early stages. The three main types of skin cancer—basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma—each have their own characteristics and potential risks. Melanoma, in particular, can be life-threatening if not detected early.

People with fair skin, a history of sunburns, or a family history of skin cancer may have a higher risk and should consider more frequent screenings. Early detection through routine skin cancer screenings allows for prompt treatment, minimizing the risk of cancer spreading and increasing the likelihood of successful outcomes.

Recognizing the early signs of skin cancer can help with early diagnosis and treatment. Some common warning signs include:

1. New or Unusual Growths: If you notice new moles or growths on your skin, it’s essential to have them evaluated. Skin cancer can manifest as a new lump, bump, or patch of skin that seems unusual.
2. Changes in Existing Moles: Changes in the size, shape, or color of a mole should be assessed by a dermatologist. Pay attention to moles that become asymmetrical, have irregular borders, or change in color.
3. Sores That Do Not Heal: A sore or spot that does not heal within a few weeks, or that continuously bleeds or crusts over, may be a sign of skin cancer.
4. Itching, Tenderness, or Pain: If a mole or spot on your skin starts to itch, become painful, or feels tender, it should be checked by a dermatologist.
5. The “Ugly Duckling” Sign: If a mole looks distinctly different from others on your body, it could be a sign of skin cancer. Dermatologists often refer to this as the “ugly duckling” sign, and it is a reason to seek further evaluation.
6. A scar of unknown origin:  Scar-like spots on sun exposed skin that are not associated with a prior injury and are slowly growing over time should be evaluated by a dermatologist.